Porsche Automobil Holding SE ("Porsche SE") is a listed holding company. The holding was founded in 2007. In particular, it holds the majority of the ordinary shares in the Volkswagen Group, one of the world's leading automobile manufacturers. The Group comprises twelve brands from seven European countries: Volkswagen Passenger Cars, Audi, SEAT, ŠKODA, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, Porsche, Ducati, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, Scania and MAN. In addition to this anchor shareholding, Porsche SE intends to make further strategic investments along the automotive value chain. This comprises the entire spectrum of basic technologies geared to supporting the development and production process through to vehicle- and mobility-related services. As a consequence, Porsche SE holds almost 100 percent in PTV Planung Transport Verkehr AG (”PTV AG”), Karlsruhe/Germany, a provider of software for traffic planning and traffic management as well as transport logistics. Additionally, Porsche SE has minority stakes in the US-technology company INRIX Inc., Kirkland, Washington/USA (”INRIX”) and in the two 3D printing specialists Markforged Inc., Watertown, Massachusetts/USA ("Markforged”) and Seurat Technologies Inc., Wilmington/Massachusetts/USA ("Seurat Technologies").